Cecrops I.

Cecrops (Κέκροψ) (Kekrops) (Κέκροπος) (Kékropos) was a king of Attica in Greek myths and legends. His parents were Gaia (Γαῖα) (Gaîa) or Hephaestus (Ἥφαιστος) (Hḗphaistos).

Aglaurus (Ἄγλαυρος) was wife of Cecrops I. They had several offspring: Erysichthon (Ἐρυσίχθων), Aglaurus, Pandrosos (Πάνδροσος), and Herse (Ἕρση).

Cecrops I did various things during his reign. Also, in this time was a dispute between Poseidon (Ποσειδῶν) and Athena (Ἀθηνᾶ) (Ἀθηναία) (Παλλὰς Ἀθηνᾶ). The capital was called Athena after the goddess.

Arachne.

Arachne (Ἀράχνη) was a character in Greek mythology. Her father was Idmon. Phalanx was Arachne’s brother. Also, Arachne had a son named Closter.

The goddess Athena competed with her in weaving. At this time, they portrayed different subjects.

At the end, Arachne turned into a spider.

Iliad.

The Iliad (Ἰλιάς ) (Iliás) is an epic poem written by Homer. This literary work describes many different events from Greek myths and legends. Also, there are gods, goddesses, and characters.

The Trojan War is described in the Iliad. Helen of Troy, Paris, Peleus, Eris, Aphrodite, Hera, Athena, Achilles, and many other gods, goddesses are characters of the Iliad.

This poem is important for history and mythology.

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Pallas.

 Pallas (Πάλλας) was a Titan on Greek mythology. He was a god of battle. His father was a Titan Crius (Κρεῖος). His mother was Titaness Eurybia (Εὐρυβία).

Also, Pallas had brothers, Astraeus (Ἀστραῖος) and Perses (Πέρσης). His wife was Styx (Στύξ). 

Pallas had several children, such as: Zelus (Ζῆλος,), Nike (Νίκη), Bia (Βία), Kratos (Κράτος), and Pallantides (Παλλαντίδαι).

Writers wrote about Pallas myths and legends.

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Danaë.

 Danaë (Δανάη) was a daughter of King Acricius (Ἀκρίσιος) of Argos and his wife Queen Eurydice (Εὐρυδίκη).

Her husband was Zeus, son of Cronus (Κρόνος). Danaë had a son Perseus (Περσεύς) who killed Gorgon (Γοργώ) Medusa (Μέδουσα) and saved Andromeda (Ἀνδρομέδα).

Danaë and Perseus floated in a wooden box on the sea. They survived and washed on the island Seriphos.

She met with different monsters, gods, and goddesses, such as: Poseidon (Ποσειδῶν), Hermes. Athena, Hades, and etc.

There are many paintings and sculptures about Danaë. Artists and sculptors created her very differently.

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Judgement of Paris.

 Paris (Πάρις) or Alexander (Ἀλέξανδρος) was the son of Priam (Πρίαμος,) and Hecuba (Ἑκάβη). His parents were King and Queen of Troy.

During the wedding of Peleus and Thetis, Eris, the goddess of discord, threw the golden apple, also known as an apple of discord.

Hera, Aphrodite, and Athena had a dispute. The apple had an inscription "To the most beautiful." Each of them wanted to have this title.

The goddesses went to Zeus. He gave the golden apple to Hermes. They went to Paris.

Aphrodite, Athena, and Hera made different promises to Paris. Athena promised him victories in wars, glory, and wisdom. Hera promised to make Paris king of Europe and Asia. Aphrodite promised him love of the beautiful Helen. So, Paris gave an apple of discord to Aphrodite, goddess of love and beauty.

Helen of Troy was later kidnapped. So, the Trojan War started.

There are many different paintings and statues about this myth.

Argonauts.

 The Argonauts (Ἀργοναῦται,) were heroes in Greek legends. Some of them were children of Titans (Τιτᾶνες). They went with Jason for the Golden Fleece. The Argonauts and Jason found it. This happened before the Trojan War.

Athena helped them build their ship 'Argo'. Later Jason and the Argonauts sailed to search for the Golden Fleece. Among them were: Heracles (Ἡρακλῆς,), Orpheus, Peleus, Telamon, and etc.

They met different gods and goddesses, such as: Ares (Ἄρης), Hera, and Medea (Μήδεια,). Jason married Medea.

The Argonauts had many different adventures.

In ancient Greece writers wrote myths and legends about them. There are paintings and statues of these heroes.

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Helen of Troy.

 Helen of Troy (Ἑλένη) or Helen of Sparta and beautiful Helen. She was the most beautiful woman in the world. Her parents were Zeus (Ζεύς) and Leda (Λήδα). 

When beautiful Helen was a child, she was kidnapped by Theseus (Θησεύς) and Pirithous (Πειρίθοος). Helen of Sparta was in the temple of Artemis during that time. But they took Helen of Troy to Athens.

She lived in Sparta. Her husband was Menelaus (Μενέλαος,). They had a daughter Hermione (Ἑρμιόνη).

Hera (Ἥρα), Athena (Ἀθῆναι), and Aphrodite (Ἀφροδίτη,) had a dispute. Helen of Sparta was abducted by Paris. The apple of discord was the reason for this. 

During Judgment of Paris gave this golden apple of discord to Aphrodite. She promised to reward Paris with the woman he loves. He abducted beautiful Helen. 

Later the Trojan War started.

There are many paintings and statues about Helen of Troy.

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Pandora's box.

 Pandora (Πανδώρα,) was created by Hephaestus. She was the first human woman. Hephaestus created her under the instructions of Zeus. Her name means "all-giving".

Pandora had relationships with gods and goddesses, such as: Athena, Hermes, and Aphrodite. They gave her different gifts.

Epimetheus became Pandora's husband. He was a titan. His brothers were Prometheus, Atlas, and Menoetius.

One day Pandora knew about box or jar pithos (πίθος) in a house. It was closed. But Pandora was very curious.

She opened this jar. There were death, sickness, and many other evils which appeared in the world. When Pandora closed the box just hope left there.

Pandora's box became an idiom. "Open a Pandora's box" meaning do something negative or problematic.

Many artists painted different paintings about this myth. Sculptors created statues of characters of this legend.

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Apple of Discord.

 Apple of Discord is also known as Golden Apple of Discord (μῆλον τῆς Ἔριδος). It created a dispute between three goddesses.

Eris wasn't invited to the wedding of Peleus and Thetis. She became angry.

So, she decided to give them the Apple of Discord. Eris wanted to make the goddesses quarrel. 

Athena, Aphrodite, and Hera saw the Golden Apple of Discord. It was written "to the most beautiful" (τῇ καλλίστῃ). The goddesses began to argue about it.

Paris judged Athena, Aphrodite, and Hera. He gave the Apple of Discord. She helped him steal Helen of Troy. Later the Trojan War started.

This legend became famous in Ancient Greece. Also, the phrase "apple of discord" means that small quarrels can turn into big conflicts.

Eris.

Eris (Ἔριδα) was a goddess of discord and strife in Ancient Greece. Her parents were Zeus and Nyx or Erebus and Hera. Also, she had many siblings among other gods and goddesses. Aphrodite, Hermes, Ares, Athena, Heracles, and ect. were all her relatives.

Eris had her own symbol. She was known for her Golden Apple of Discord. Eris gave her symbol during Peleus and Thetis wedding. So, Athena, Aphrodite, and Hera became angry. After this event the Trojan War started.

Eris had several children.

There are many paintings and statues of this goddess.

Asclepius.

Asclepius (Ἀσκληπιός) was a god of medicine in ancient Greek myths and legends. His father was Apollo, his mother was Coronis.

He met with other gods and goddesses, such as: Hermes, Heracles, Artemis, and etc. Centaur Chiron tought Asclepius hunting and medicine.

God Asclepius not only cured the sick, but resurrected the dead. He used magical blood of Medusa Gorgon. Also, Asclepius treated Heracles after his battle with Hippocoon of Sparta.

He had his own symbol, the rod of Asclepius, a staff with snake. It's a symbol of medicine.

Asclepius had a wife named Epione. Their children were: Hygeia, Aceso, Aglaea, Iaso, Panacea, Machaon, Telesphoros, Aratus, Podalirius.

There are many interesting stories about Asclepius. Artists and sculptors created paintings and sculptures of this god.

Pegasus.

Pegasus was a horse with wings in Ancient Greece. His parents were Poseidon and Gordon Medusa. Also, creature had a brother named Chrysaor.

Hero Bellerophon rode Pegasus while fighting with Chimera.

Muses liked this mythical creature. Pegasus had relationships with many gods and goddesses, such as: Athena, Apollo, Zeus, and Perseus.

The two-winged horse helped Zeus. Pegasus brought him thunder and lightning from Hephaestus.

There are many painting and statues of this mythical animal. Also, there is constellation named Pegasus.

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Hermes.

Hermes was a son of Zeus and Maia. He was known as Olmpian god. God had relations with Aphrodite, Heracles, Athena, and Perseus. Also, Hermes helped other gods and goddesses in hard situations.

Hermes had his own symbols such as: tortoise, Petasos, and lyre. There are many myths and legends about this character. He visited different places and fought with his enemies. Hermes had several children.

This god was popular in Ancient Greece. He is often depicted on ceramics.

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Athena.

Athena was a goddess of wisdom, war, and handcraft. Her parents were Zeus and Metis. Greek mythology tells myths and legends about her.

She helped Heracles and Perseus during their labours. Also, Athena had a conflict with a god of death and underworld Hades.

Goddess had several attributes such as: olive tree, owl, spears, helmets, and snakes. Legends tell that Athena invented different things. For example, war, flutes, ships, and handcrafts.

There are many pictures and sculptures with Athena. She was very important for Ancient Greek history.

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