Literature. Part seventy seven.

                     The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Hamlet by William Shakespeare. 

This tragedy was written in 1601. Shakespeare created his famous work in a play. The Hamlet became popular.

Events take place in Denmark. There are several characters: Hamlet, Claudius, Gertrude, Polonius, Ophelia, Osric, ghost of Hamlet’s father.

People experience different moments. The theme of death is touched upon.

The tragedy was translated to many languages. There are many illustrations about this play. This story was told in theatric productions.

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Literature. Part seventy four.

                                                "The Emperor's New Clothes" by Hans Christian Andersen.

Once upon a time there was an emperor. He liked his clothes. An emperor wore them for holidays, theatres, and walks.

One day two liars visited emperor. They wanted to create new clothes for him. The tailors said that they make invisible clothing for the emperor.

Although the emperor and his courtiers noticed that there was no cloth, they didn't say anything.

When the emperor came out in new clothes to the people, they looked at him.

Suddenly little boy said that the emperor is naked!

The emperor went on, and the people began to whisper.

This fairy tale was translated to many languages. there are different movies and cartoons about this story.

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Literature. Part sixty three.

                                       The Railway Children by Edith Nesbit.

This children's book was published in 1906.

The main characters of this novel are: father, mother, and three children. Father went to prison but it's wrong. He is a good man.

Roberta, Peter, and Phyllis are children. They are all different. Each of them has their own role.

Mother is a writer for children and a poet. She loves her family. Mom helps in hard situations.

Characters meet and find new friends during the novel.

The book has a happy ending. Father was acquitted and released from prison.

There are many different movies and theatrical performances about this story.

Theatre.

Theatre is a type of performance art. Actors and actresses must pla their characters.

This type of art appeared in Ancient Greece. Drama, comedy, and tragedy came from theatre.

People can see actors on the scene. Literary works often play in the theatre. Puppets are sometimes used there.

Future actors study to dancing, singing, playing, express emotions, play on the musical instruments, and etc. Costumes and make-up are important part of the theatre. Because people must see and feel the reality of what is happening.

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Movies.

Movies or films are a type of art. Its own workers and audience.

Cartoons and movies have many similar parts. Characters, genre, and screenplay are impotant for future film.

Also, actors are needed for good movie. Films can be based on famous books. Many different people work on one picture.

Camera, sounds, montage, and screenplay are important for man movies.

Drama, comedy, tragedy, fantasy, soap opera, historic can be some of the genres. Actors should get accostomed to their characters. Costumes and make-up can help.

People go to cinema and watch movie. Before it they went to the theatre. This place showed different plays and operas.

There is a criticism of this industry. Critics say different things about movies.

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Literature. Part thirty five.

                                     The Canterville Ghost by Oscar Wilde.

American ambassador Mr. Otis and his family arrived at a castle. The Otis family included Mr. and Mrs. Otis, the son Washington, the daughter Virginia, and the twins.

Not everyone believed in the ghost. But the strange things happened in the castle. Somebody thundered with chains. A red stain appeared on the floor.

Little Virginia wanted to meet the Canterville ghost. She disappeared in one day. All the members of the family looked for her but... Virginia appeared with jewels that were given to her by the ghost.

There are many movies, catoons, and theatrical plays about this novella. Book was translated in different languages.

Literature. Part thirty two.

                                     Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare.

Romeo Montague and Juliet Caputel are a young couple in love. Their families have a conflict each other.

Young people wanted to escape together but... They both tragically died.

This book is very popular in classic literature. There are many theatrical plays and movies about this story.

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Great people: William Shakespeare.

William Shakespeare was born on April 26, 1564, in England. His parents were John Shakespeare and Mary Arden.

In London William started writing. Also, he pursued a theatrical career. William Shakespeare was very influential for the world literature and English language.

Writer wrote many famous works such as: Romeo and Juliet, Otello, The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark (Hamlet).

His most frequent genres were drama and tragedy. Shakespeare's works are important for theatre, too. Also, he wrote plays and poems. Some characters became classic.

William Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway and they had three children. He died on April 23, 1616, in England.

Literature. Part twenty nine.

                                  The Prince and the Pauper by Mark Twain.

England, XVI century. Tom Canty is a boy from poor family. Edward VI is the Prince of Wales. They look the same.

When Tom appeared in the royal castle, he wears Tom Canty's clothes.

Prince of Walse could see a lot of things. He was in jail, saw poor people on the London's streets, 1547 year. At the end Edward VI was saved and became a king. Also, he decided to make a justice in a country.

There are many movies and theatrical performances about this novel. Students study this historical literature on the lessons.

Children and teenagers could read famous book during free time. After watch movie or go to the theatre.

This literature work was translated on many languages.

Great people: Audrey Hepburn.

Audrey Kathleen Ruston was born on May 4, 1929, in Brissels, Belgium. Her father was Joseph Victor Anthony Ruston, mother Ella van Heemstra.

During World War II Audrey lived and studied in the Netherlands.

In 1948 future actress moved to London and took balet classes. But Audrey Hepburn decided to work in theatre and movies.

She had successful and main roles in films such as: Roman Holiday (1953), Sabrina (1954), Funny Face (1957), Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961), and others. Also Audrey Hepburn had many awards for her work: Grammy, Star on Hollywood of Fame, Academy Award, Emmy, and Tony.

This actress also known as fashion icon of 1950s. Hepburn's characters wore fashion and beautiful clothes and shoes.

She had two children and became Goodwill Ambassor of UNICEF.

Audrey Hepburn died on January 20, 1993, in Tolochenaz, Switzerland.

Drama.

Drama has similar parts of comedy and tragedy. This genre is very popular in books and movies. Two masks symbolize the drama, sad and happy. Genre can mix with another types of literature, foe example drama with fantasy.

History of drama is very long. This genre appeared in Ancient Greece. Writers wrote neither funny nor sad stories, actors wore masks, performed roling theatre.

While watching the drama, sometimes you want to laugh, sometimes you want to cry.

Dramatic genre can have even a short story in modern magazine. Also drama can be written in verse.

Many old dramas became classics and are still studied in school by students. For example, The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark or Hamlet by William Shakespeare. This book is of a dramatic genre.

Drama is one of the popular genres in theatre. This genre can be very interesting in any form.

The story of drama is still in progress. This is one of many genres. Soon will be next.

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Tragedy.

Tragedy is the exact opposite of comedy. This literary genreis popular, too. Tragedy is a very serious genre. Poems, novels, or short stories. have very sad endings. People want to cry. The main characters can die.

This genre has a long history. Thragedy appeared in Ancient Greece. Then writers wrote sad myths. Actors played sad roles in theatres.

For example, Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare is a famous tragedy. There are many pictures to this story. It is studied by students in schools.

In movies, tragedy is also popular as genre. People can cry at the end of film in cinema ar at home. It shows a good work of actors and the right scripts.

A sad mask is a symbol of tragedy. But sometimes somedy and tragedy are mixed in one book or movie.

P.S. Next time will be another literary genre which has comedy and tragedy parts.

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Comedy.

Comedy is one of many theatrical genres. It has a lot to do with humor. Comedy genre appeared in Ancient Greece. Back then, actors in masks said funny things.

This theatrical genre is popular today, too. In movies comedy became very famous. It can be mixed with other genres. For example, comedy and drama, even comedy and tragedy! Screenwriters write the script with jokes, actors are taught by rote.

There are different types of comedy. Classic ones which you want to revise many times and simple ones which are only for time.

In theatre, clowns can play in comedies. Some people really have a talent in it.

Comedy is often shown on TV. Somebody is waiting for his or her favorite comedy show for a long time.

It was an essay about comedy, one of many genres. Next will be another genre. It is also related to the theatre, like comedy.

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Play.

Play is one type of literature. It has to do with the theatre. Screenwriters write plays, actors memorize words, it turns into theatrical production. Play can be of any genre: drama, comedy, tragedy. In this type of literature, everything is written by roles.

Writers write plays, too. Many of them are interesting and instructive. These works are read and written essays on by students in schools.

On holidays, such as Christmas and New Year, performances are carried out in theatres tales. Actors play famous characters of fairy tales. Also, there is a puppet theatre, where actors rule toys and talk to them. It's beautiful!

For example, Hamlet by William Shakespeare is one of famous plays.

It appeared in ancient times. In Ancient Greece actors wore masks for their roles. Famous genres such as comedy and tragedy appreared there.

Theatre is a part of our life. Many actors began their work from theatre movies.

P.S. Another part of the literature is over. Soon will be other.

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Avant-garde.

Avant-garde is a type of european arts that appeared in XIX and XX centuries. It has many similar things with surrealism and modernism. Avant-garde includes many types of art. Such as: music, literature, cinema, painting, theatre.

Pictures of this time were bright and strange, works had a lot of mysteries. In avant-garde literature, dramas and poems were popular. Representatives of the time: The Picture of Dprian Gray by Oscar Wilde, Pale Fire by Vladimir Nabokov, Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett.

Movies were black-and-white because cinema just appeared at the beginning of XX century. For example, Sur un air de Charleston by Jean Renoir.

Many kinds of art created classical things which are studied in schools by students. One art form depends on another. So, avant-garde is important for others.

P.S. This is one of the latest types of art. But not the last.

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Classicism.

Classicism was popular in western Europe from XVII until XIX centuries. It appeared in different types of arts. Painting, theatre, architecture, and sculpture.

The first classic arts appeared in Ancient Greece and Rome. After human history has seen many problems, in XVII century people returned to old art.

Example of classicism painting, Moliere by Nicolas Mignard.

The first classical architecture can be found in the territory of Ancient Greece and Rome. Example, Maison Carree in France.

During two hundred years people returned to their past. They studied the work of their ancestors. Artists created a new art form.

So appeared the new art works. Pictures and sculptures were similar to the ancient.

Classicism has split in several parts of art. But more about that some other time.

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Ancient Greece.

Ancient Greece was one of the most great civilization in Ancient History. It was since III thousand B.C. until I century A.D.

In ancient country many different types of sciences, politics, laws, slavery, religion, theatre were developed. Many of them are still studied in schools. Example, Greek mathematician Pythagoras created Pythagorean theorem.

Relogion for the Greek was important. They believed in many different Gods. These myths and legends are studied in schools now. Also, people making cartoons and films. Ancient Greek mythology is one of the most interesting mythologies.

Also Greece is the Motherland of Olympic Games. There were Olympic Games long before modern. They were different.

Many theatrical genres come from Ancient Greece.

Life in Ancient Greece was easier than in Middle Ages. But when it was. It's very important for world history.

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