Great people: Filippo Brunelleschi.

Fillipo di ser Brunellesco di Lippo Lapri was born in 1377, in Florence, Italy.

He was known as an Italian architect and sculptor. Filippo Brunelleschi's movement was Renaissance.

Dome of Florence Cathedral is his work.

Filippo Bruneschi died on April 15, 1446, in Florence, Italy.

Great people: Leon Battista Alberti.

Leon Battista Alberti was an Italian scientist, artist, writer, philosopher, and architect.

He was born on February 14, 1404, in Genoa, Italy.

Alberti's movement was in Italian Renaissance.

He had his own notable works.

Leon Battista Alberti died on April 25, 1472, in Rome, Italy.

Great people: Donatello.

Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi was an Italian sculptor. He was born in 1386, in Republic of Florence.

Donatello worked with different materials for his sculptors.

Renaissance was Donatello's movement.

He died on December 13, 1466, in Republic of Florence.

Great people: Andrea Palladio.

Andrea di Pietro della Gondola was an Italian architect. He was born on November 30, 1508, in Republic of Venice.

Palladio created different villas.

He died on August 19, 1580, in Republic of Venice.

Great people: Gian Lorenzo Bernini.

Gian Lorenzo Bernini was an Italian architecture. Also, he created sculptures. Gian Lorenzo Bernini was born on November 7, 1598, in Naples.

His movement was Baroque style.

Apollo and Daphne (1622-1625), Ecstasy of Saint Teresa (1647-1652), David (1623-1624) are Bernini’s works.

He died on November 29, 1680, in Rome.

Great people: Paolo Veronese.

Paolo Veronese, also known as Paolo Caliari was an Italian painter. He was born in 1528, in Verona.

Veronese had his own movement: Renaissance. Leda and the Swan (1585), Perseus and Andromeda (1576-1578), Adoration of the Magi (1573) are his famous works.

Paolo Veronese died in 1588, in Venice.

Great people: Tintoretto.

Tintoretto or Jacob Robuti was born in 1518, in Venice, Italy. He was an Italian painter.

Tintoretto’s movement was Renaissance. His famous works: Seige of Asola (1544-45), The Supper at Emmaus (1542-43), Saint George, Saint Luis, and the Princess (1553).

Jacob Robusti died on May 31, 1594, in Venice, Italy.

Great people: Titian.

Tiziano Vecelli or Vecellio was born in 1488/90, in Italy. He was a painter of Renaissance.

Titian had his own style of art.

His famous works: Perseus and Andromeda (1554-1556), Venus and Adonis, Danaё (1544-1560s), Diana and Acteon (1556-1559), Diana and Callisto (1556-1559), and etc.

Titian died on August 27, 1576, in Venice.

Great people: Giorgione.

Giorgio Barbarelli da Castelfranco was born in 1477, in Italy. He was a painter. Giorgione studied with Giovanni Bellini. He painted in High Renaissance style.

His notable works are: The Tempest (1508), Sleeping Venus (1510), Madonna and Child Between St. Francis and St. Nicasius, or  Castelfranco Madonna (1503/04), The Three Philosophers (1505-1509).

Giorgione died in 1510, in Italy.

Great people: Caravaggio.

Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, Michele Angelo Merigi or Amerighi also known as Caravaggio. He was born on September 29, 1571, in Milan, Italy.

Caravaggio was an Italian painter. Baroque was his style.

Caravaggio visited different places. His famous paintings; include: Young Sick Bacchus (1593), Boy Bitten by a Lizard (1596), Bacchus (1596), Medusa (1597), Basket of Fruit (1599), and etc.

Caravaggio died on July 18, 1610, in Porto Ercole, Italy.

Great people: Giordano Bruno.

 Giordano Bruno was an Italian scientist and philosopher. He was born in 1548, in Italy.

 

Bruno’s era was Renaissance. 

He studied space and our Solar System.

 

Giordano Bruno died on February 17, 1600, in Rome.

Great people: Albrecht Dürer.

Albrecht Dürer was a German painter. He was born on May 21, 1471, in Nuremberg, Holy Roman Empire. His parents were Albrecht Dürer the elder and Barbara Holper.

Dürer visited Italy, Netherlands, and etc.

He created many famous paintings: Young Hare (1502), Haller Madonna (1505), Dürer's Rhinoceros (1515). Dürer's movement was High Renaissance.

Albrecht Dürer married Agnes Grey in 1494.

He died on April 6, 1528, in Nuremberg, Holy Roman Empire.

Etruscan civilization.

The Enruscan (Etrusci) (Etruschi) (τυρσηνοί, τυρρηνοί) civilization was located in ancient Italy territory. They were before the Romans.

This civilization had its own society, culture, kings, laws, language, arts, mythology, and etc. 

The Etruscan was before the Romans. They were during Iron and Bronze Ages.

Later the Etruscan were assimilated into Romans.

This civilization had many different things. There are ceramics, statues, jewelry, cities from the Etruscan.

Source of image:

https://www.shutterstock.com/es/image-vector/vector-illustration-hand-drawn-etruscan-alphabet-793582603

Source of image:

https://www.istockphoto.com/es/foto/etrusco-tumba-gm1048233322-280385342

Source of image:

https://www.istockphoto.com/es/vector/estilo-de-vida-en-el-imperio-romano-trajes-de-la-antigua-roma-ilustraciones-gm1332804824-415540444

Great people: Sandro Batticelli.

 Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi was an Italian Renaissance painter.

He was born in 1445, in Florence. Batticelli studied painting with Filippo Lippi.

Sandro Batticelli created many famous paintings. The Birth of Venus (1484-1486), Primavera (late 1470s, early 1480s), Adoration of the Magi (1475), Madonna and Child (1465-1470), Madonna and Child with an Angel (1465-1467).

He died on May 17, 1510, in Florence.

Great people: Raphael.

Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino was born on April 6, 1483, in Italy. His parents died when he was a child.

Raphael was known as an Italian artist and architect. He created many famous paintings, such as: Portrait of a Man (1502), Madonna and Child with the Book (1503), Self-Portrait (1503), the Conestabile Madonna (1504), Three Graces (1504).

The artist works were important for the Renaissance period. Raffaello Santi drew different people.

His paint the Sistine Madonna (1512) is one of the most popular works in the world.

Raphael Santi died on April 6, 1520, in Rome, Italy.

Literature. Part forty three.

                        Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus by Mary Shelley.

Victor Frankenstein was the main character in the book. He was born in Italy. Also, Victor had parents and younger brothers. Character grew up in Switzerland and visited other countries.

When his mother died, Victor studied in Germany. Frankentein met teacher named Robert Walton.

Two years later Victor created a monster. He was afraid of this creature. Frankenstein was ill.

Main character wanted to forget about it. But monster killed his brother. It was a shock for Victor.

Creature and Frankenstein couldn't reach an agreement. Victor married Elizabeth Lavenza, but monster killed her, too.

Some time later character lost his father.

Robert Walton and Victor Frankenstein moved to the North Pole. On the way Victor died. Creature decided to committed suicide because very regretted about own deals.

This novel has parts of romanticism and science fiction. Book was translated to many languages. There are many movies and paintings about this story.

Source of image:

https://www.shutterstock.com/de/image-photo/milan-italy-june-10-2017-frankenstein-658513897?src=jclP1DHymKYkOC6WVWDOMg-2-85

Christopher Columbus.

(This is essay by my brother).

Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer famous for discovering America. He was born on October 30, 1450 in Genoa, Republic of Genoa (now part if Italy).

He wanted to sail for India, but not in the direct route. Columbus believed that Earth was round and wanted to get to India from the other side. Portuguese government declined Columbus' request to fund this expedition, but the nation of Crown of Castile granted it.

So, on August 3, 1492, Christopher Columbus departed to India with three ships: Santa Maria, Pinta, and Nina. On October 12, 1492, Columbus landed on what he at first thought was India, that's why the natives are called Indians. But later Columbus realised that he discovered the New World. He returned to Spain on March 15, 1493, and the word about discovery of the New World spread rapidly.

Christopher Columbus went on three more voyages to America, where he found new cities, new people, new goals. But, on his last expedition, his ship wrecked near Jamaica. He was stranded for a year until the rescue and retarned to Spain seriously ill on November 7, 1504. He died from his illness on May 20, 1506, at the age of 54.

Source of image:

http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-110860961/stock-vector-christopher-columbus.html?src=tUIBYA3VFszvVZ3w3bfHmg-1-3

Ancient Rome.

Ancient Rome was one of the great civilizations in Ancient History. It was founded in 753 BC by Romulus and Remus. The legend says these twin brothers were fed by a she-wolf.

Official language in Ancient Rome was a Latin. Now it is used in science. For example, medicine, and mathematics. The country contained central and South Europe and part of North Africa.

In Ancient Rome, people believed in many different Gods. Roman religion has similar things with Greek but is still different.

Ancient country participated in Punic Wars. Roman soldiers had special clothes for it.

Rome had own laws, system of education, family customs, cuisine, and etc. Some of them still exist in our life.

In Ancient times Rome was a big and great country. Today Rome is the capital of Italy. The name was left for European city. This is studied by archeologists and students. Because it's very interesting!

Source of image:

http://www.istockphoto.com/vector/burning-rome-in-1084-published-in-1878-73536425?st=ec8392e

Source of image:

http://www.istockphoto.com/photo/coliseum-9093350?st=9ee399d

Sorce of image:

http://www.istockphoto.com/photo/close-up-of-the-roman-bridge-72540765?st=a3d265f